Protracted Refugee Situations: Understanding and addressing the challenge: Protracted Refugee Situations: Bibliography

Full Bibliography

Last updated: March 2012

Online Documents

Abbasi-Shavazi, M.J. and Glazebrook, D. (2006), 'Continued Protection, Sustainable Reintegration: Afghan Refugees and Migrants in Iran', Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit (AREU).
Abdel-Mageed, F. (1985) 'Report on Refugee Protection in Sudan', University of Juba.
Abdullahi, A. M. (1993) 'Protection of refugees under international law and Kenya's treatment of Somali refugees: compliance or contrary?'
Abu-Sitta, S. (1997) 'The feasibility of the right to return'.
Action Aid (1996) 'Understanding the Great Lakes crisis: An international conference held in Nairobi', Kenya, 30 November to 2 December 1996.
Addison, S. (2010) 'Annotated Bibliography on the Democratic Republic of the Congo'.
Adelman, H. (2008) 'Protracted Refugee Situations and the Right of Return', Metropolis World Bulletin, Vol. 8 on Migration and International Protection.
Adelman, H. 'The Use and Abuse of Refugees in Zaire, April 1996-March 1997', Stanford University, n.d.
African Decade of Persons with Disabilities.
African Network for the Prevention and Protection Against Child Abuse and Neglect (1993) 'The rights of refugee children and their protection' Paper presented at Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative / Moi University Workshop on Protection of Refugees 6 - 11 Sept. 1993, Eldoret.
African Union (2006) 'Draft Policy Framework for Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Development'.
Agblorti, S. (2011) 'Refugee integration in Ghana: the host community's perspective' New Issues in Refugee Research No. 203, UNHCR.
Ahura Bhutan (1994) 'Bhutanese refugees: victims of arbitrary deprivation of right to nationality and political repression. A report'.
Alcalá, P. R., Colorado, M., Díaz, P. and Osorio, A. (2008), 'Forced Migration of Colombians: Colombia, Ecuador, Canada: Canada', Corporación Región.
Allen, R., Li Rosi, A. and Skeie, M. (2010) 'Should I stay or should I go? A review of UNHCR's response to the protracted refugee situation in Serbia and Croatia', UNHCR.
Alpher, J. et al. (1998) 'The Palestinian Refugee Problem and the Right of Return'.
Ambroso, G. (2006) 'The Balkans at a crossroads: Progress and challenges in finding durable solutions for refugees and displaced persons from the wars in the former Yugoslavia', New Issues in Refugee Research No. 133, UNHCR.
Amisi, B. and Ballard, R. (2005), 'In the absence of citizenship: Congolese refugee struggle and organisation in South Africa', Forced Migration Studies Programme.
Amnesty International (2007) 'Azerbaijan: displaced then discriminated against: the plight of the internally displaced population'.
Amnesty International (2007) 'Iraq: human rights abuse against Palestinian refugees'.
Amnesty International (2007) 'Exiled and suffering: Palestinian refugees in Lebanon'.
Amnesty International (2007) 'Denied refuge: the effect of the closure of the Kenya/Somalia border on thousands of Somali asylum-seekers and refugees'.
Amnesty International (1997) 'Refugees: human rights have no borders'.
Amnesty International (2005) 'Burundi: refugee rights at risk: human rights abuses in returns to and from Burundi'.
Amnesty International (2004) 'Sudan: case sheet on Sudanese refugees in Chad'.
Amnesty International (2004) 'Myanmar: The Rohingya Minority: Fundamental rights denied'.
Amnesty International (2003) 'Afghanistan: out of sight, out of mind: the fate of the Afghan returnees'.
Amnesty International (2002) 'Afghanistan: continuing need for protection and standards for return of Afghan refugees'.
Amnesty International (2002), 'Bhutan: ten years later and still waiting to go home: the case of the refugees'.
Amnesty International (2002) 'Israel and the Occupied Territories: the heavy price of Israeli incursions'.
Badil, A.M. 'al-Majdal quarterly magazine'.
Azaiez, S. (2009) 'Importance of Access to Financial Services', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Bagenda, E. and Hovil, L. (2003) 'Sudanese refugees in northern Uganda: from one conflict to the next', Forced Migration Review No. 16.
Bakewell, O. (1996) 'Repatriation for Angolan refugees in Zambia: going home or leaving it?' Paper presented at African Studies Association of the UK Biennial Conference, Sept. 1996, Bristol.
Barber, B. (1998) 'Deeper inside a youth social movement: Gaza's "Children of the Stone"'.
Benjamin, J. and Khadija F. (1998) 'The gender dimensions of internal displacement: concept paper and annotated bibliography', UNICEF.
Benson, E. (2009) 'Confidence-Building Measures in Western Sahara', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Bermudez Torres, A. (2005) 'Armed Conflict, Peace Processes and Forced Migrants', FMO Research Guide.
Bermúdez Torres. A. (2002) 'Gender and forced migration', FMO Research Guide.
Bessa T. (2009) 'Doubly forgotten', Forced Migration Review No.33 (Special Issue on Protracted Displacement).
Besson, Y. (1998) 'The Right of Return and Compensation'.
Betts, A. and Kaytaz, E. (2009) 'National and International Responses to the Zimbabwean Exodus: Implications for the Refugee Protection Regime', New Issues in Refugee Research No.175, UNHCR.
Betts, A. (2006) 'Comprehensive Plans of Action: Insights from CIREFCA and the Indo-Chinese CPA,' New Issues in Refugee Research No. 120, UNHCR.
Betts, A. (2004) 'International Cooperation and Targeting Development Assistance for Refugee Solutions: Lessons from the 1980s,' New Issues in Refugee Research No. 107, UNHCR.
'Bhutanese Refugees: the Story of a Forgotten People'.
Bitar, M. (2009) 'Activism among a new generation of Palestinian exiles'.
Blanck, P.D. (1995) 'Disaster mitigation for persons with disabilities: fostering a new dialogue'.
Blomqvist, U. (1995) 'Community participation in a refugee emergency: focusing on community mobilisation, women, and youth - a report from the Rwandan camps in the Kagera Region of Tanzania', Rädda Barnen.
Bradley, M. (2011) 'Unlocking Protracted Displacement: Central America's "Success Story" Reconsidered, Refugee Survey Quarterly, Volume 30, Number 4 (Oxford University Press).
Bradley, M. (2011) 'Unlocking protracted displacement: Central America's 'success story' reconsidered', RSC Working Paper 77.
Bradley, M. (2006) 'Reparations, Reconciliation and Forced Migration', FMO Research Guide.
Bradley, M. (2006) 'Return of Forced Migrants', FMO Research Guide.
Brown, T. (2001) 'Improving quality and attainment at schools: the case of Bhutanese refugees in Nepal,' in Crisp, J., Talbot, C. and Cipollone, D. (eds.), Learning for a future: refugee education in developing countries, UNHCR.
Centre for Development and Human Rights (2009) 'Rohingyas of Myanmar: the forsaken people', Rights and Development Bulletin, 1(12).
Center for Systemic Peace (2010) 'State Fragility Index and Matrix 2009'.
Chanaa, J.(2003, revised in 2007) 'FMO research guide: Iraq'.
Chatty, D. and Mansour, N. (2011) 'Unlocking Protracted Displacement: An Iraqi Case Study' RSC Working Paper No. 78.
Child Soldiers International (2008) 'Child Soldiers Global Report'.
Children's Legal Centre (1992) 'Children or Refugees? A survey of West European policies on unaccompanied refugee children'.
Chimni, B.S. (1999) 'From resettlement to involuntary repatriation: towards a critical history of durable solutions to refugee problems.' New Issues in Refugee Research No. 2, UNHCR.
Cohen, R. and Sanchez-Garzoli, G. (2001) 'Internal displacement in the Americas: some distinctive features', Brookings-CUNY Project on Internal Displacement.
Connelly, M. (1997) 'Refugees or hostages?'
Connor, I. (2007) Refugees and Expellees in Post-War Germany , Manchester.
Crisis Index for Foreign Policy, 'Fragile States Index'.
Crisp, J. (2003) 'No Solutions in Sight: The Problem of Protracted Refugee Situations in Africa', New Issues in Refugee Research No.75, UNHCR.
Crisp, J. (2006) 'Forced displacement in Africa: Dimensions, difficulties and policy direction', New Issues in Refugee Research No. 126, UNHCR.
Crivello, G., Fiddian, E. and Chatty, D. (2006) 'Holidays in Peace: Sahrawi children visit Spain', Forced Migration Review No. 25.
Crivello, G. and Chatty, D. (2005) 'Lessons Learned Report: Children and Adolescents in Sahrawi and Afghan Refugee Household'.
Crivello, G., Fiddian, E. and Chatty, D. (2005) 'Lessons Learned Report: The Transnationalisation of Care: Sahrawi Refugee Children in a Spanish Host Program'.
Deardorff, S. (2009) 'How long is too long? Questioning the legality of long-term encampment through a human rights lens', RSC working paper No. 54.
Demo, A. F. (2009) 'Riding on the Back of a Tortoise', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Derib, A. (2002) 'Group care and fostering of Sudanese children: Pignudo and Kakuma refugee camps', Rädda Barnen.
De Vriese, M. (2006) 'Refugee livelihoods: a review of the evidence', Evaluation Report, UNHCR.
DFID (2005) 'Why we need to work more effectively in fragile states'.
Diaz, M. (2001) 'Gender and forced migration discussion guide', Refugee Experience (RSC).
Dick, S. (2003) 'FMO Research Guide: Liberia'.
Dick, S. (2002) 'Liberians in Ghana: Living Without Humanitarian Assistance'.
Dick, S. (2002) 'Responding to protracted refugee situations, A case study of Liberian refugees in Ghana', evaluation report, UNHCR.
Dion, A. (2009) 'Comprehensive Solutions: A 'Whole-of-Government' Approach', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Drake, L. (1997) 'The enclosure of Palestine: the Oslo Process as seen from Washington and Gaza'.
Dukic, N. and Thierry, A. (1998) 'Saharawi refugees: life after the camps', Forced Migration Review No. 2.
Durieux, J.-F. (2009) 'A Regime at a Loss?' Forced Migration Review No. 33.
ECRE 'Integration'.
ECRE project on elderly refugees final report 'Reception and integration of Elderly Refugees' (asylkoordination österreich).
El Abed, O. (2004) 'FMO Research guide: Palestinian Refugees in Jordan'.
El Abed, O. (2004) 'FMO Research guide: Palestinian Refugees in Egypt'.
El Bushra, J. (1995) 'Gender planning in conflict situations'.
El Bushra, J. (1985) 'Eritrean and Ethiopian refugees in the Sudan', International Extension College (IEC).
Elmadmad, K. (1994) 'Women's rights under Islam: the case of asylum', International Conference on Uprooted Muslim Women, 12-15 November 1994, Sharjah, UAE.
Eyber, C. (2005) 'FMO research guide: Angola'.
Fagen, P. (2011) 'Uprooted and unrestored: A comparative review of durable solutions for people displaced by conflict in Colombia and Liberia', Evaluation Report, UNHCR.
FAHAMU (2011) 'Rwanda: Cessation of Refugee Status is Unwarranted'.
Farah, R. (2003) 'Western Sahara and Palestine: shared refugee experiences', Forced Migration Review No. 16.
Fauveau, L. (2003) 'Factors contributing to sexual and gender-based violence in refugee camps: the case of protracted refugee situations in Africa'.
Ferris, E. (2009) 'At Long Last: Finally Peace for Sri Lanka?
Ferris, E. (2008) 'Peace the only solution to displaced people’s needs'.
Ferris, E. (1990) 'Refugee women and violence'.
Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, E. (2011) 'Protracted Sahrawi displacement: Challenges and opportunities beyond encampment', RSC Forced Migration Policy Briefing 7.
Fielden, A. (2008) 'Local integration: an under-reported solution to protracted refugee situations', New Issues in Refugee Research No.158, UNHCR.
FMO Research guide (2001) 'Lessons Learned Report: Children and Adolescents in Palestinian Households'.
FMO Resource Summary: Afghanistan.
FMO Resource Summary: Algeria.
FMO Resource Summary: Angola.
FMO Resource Summary: Azerbajian.
FMO Resource Summary: Disability.
FMO Resource Summary: Durable Solutions.
FMO Resource Summary: Great Lakes Region.
FMO Resource Summary:Fragile States.
FMO Resource Summary: Human Rights.
FMO Resource Summary: Livelihoods.
FMO Resource Summary: Older Persons.
FMO Resource Summary: Refugee Youth.
FMO Resource Summary: Reproductive Health.
FMO Resource Summary: Rwanda.
FMO Resource Summary: Sexual Violence.
FMO Resource Summary: Small Arms.
FMO Resource Summary: Violence Against Women.
FMO Resource Summary: Women.
Forced Migration Review (2010) 'Democratic Republic of Congo: Past.Present.Future?' Forced Migration Review No. 36.
Forced Migration Review (2010) 'Disability & displacement', Forced Migration Review No. 35.
Forced Migration Review (2007) 'Special Issue: Iraq's Displacement Crisis: the search for solutions'.
Forced Migration Review (2002) 'Older displaced people: at the back of the queue?' Forced Migration Review No. 14.
Forced Migration Review (2000) 'Gender and displacement', Forced Migration Review No. 9.
Global Action on Aging (2004) 'Statement to UN Economic and Social Council on protecting older persons in situations of armed conflict '.
Godfrey, N. (1986) 'The health needs of elderly refugees: a field study in Eastern Sudan'.
Gozdziak, E. (1988) 'Older refugees in the United States: from dignity to despair' (Refugee Policy Group).
Golda, A. (2009) 'Use of Housing Vouchers in Georgia', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Gondwe, K. (2009) 'The Plight of Eritrean Refugees' , The Guardian.
Goodwin-Gill, G. (1990) 'Nationality and Statelessness, Residence and Refugee Status: Issues Affecting Palestinians'.
Gottwald, M. (2004) 'Protecting Colombian Refugees in the Andean Region: The Fight against Invisibility',International Journal of Refugee Law, 16(4): 517-546. This article was also published as a UNHCR working paper.
Grenier, M. (1999) 'Nowhere to turn: Bhutanese refugees in Nepal', British Refugee Council.
Griffiths, D. (2003) FMO Research Guide: Somalia'.
Crivello, G., Fiddian, E. and Chatty, D. (2006) 'Holidays in Peace: Sahrawi children visit Spain' Forced Migration Review No. 25.
Crivello, G. and Chatty, D. (2005) ' Lessons Learned Report: Children and Adolescents in Sahrawi and Afghan Refugee Households', FMO Research Guide.
Crivello, G., Fiddian, E. and Chatty, D. (2005) 'Lessons Learned Report: The Transnationalisation of Care: Sahrawi Refugee Children in a Spanish Host Program', FMO Research Guide.
Hansen, A. (1990), 'Refugee self-settlement versus settlement on government schemes: the long-term consequences for security, integration and economic development of Angolan refugees (1966-1989) in Zambia', UNRISD Discussion Paper 17, Geneva: United Nations.
Harding, J. and Varadan, S. (2010) 'A Community-based Approach to Refugee Protection in a Protracted Refugee Situation', Humanitarian Exchange Magazine, Issue 46, Humanitarian Practice Network.
Harmer, A. and Macrae, J. (2004) ‘Beyond the continuum: An overview of the changing role of aid policy in protracted crises’, Humanitarian Policy Group, Overseas Development Institute.
Hart, J. and Lo Forte, C. (2010) 'Protecting Palestinian Children from Political Violence: The role of the international community', RSC Forced Migration Policy Briefing 5.
Hart, J. (2002) 'Children and Adolescents in Conflict Situations', FMO Research Guide.
Hart, J. (2001) 'Buthan: Conflict, Displacement and Children', A discussion document prepared for UNICEF Regional Office South Asia, Refugee Studies Centre.
Health and human rights info (International Society for Health and Human Rights)
Helton, A. C. (1992) 'Refugee Status Determination under the Comprehensive Plan of Action for Indochinese Asylum Seekers in Asia.' Paper presented at the Colloquium on the Comprehensive Plan of Action, 25 - 28 October 1992, Quezon City, Manila, Philippines / Jesuit Refugee Service Asia Pacific.
Hiddleston, T. (2000) 'Out of sight, out of mind: conflict and displacement in Burundi', Women's Refugee Commission.
Horst, C. (2001) 'Vital links in social security: Somali refugees in the Dadaab camps, Kenya', UNHCR.
Hovil, L. (2010) 'Hoping for peace, afraid of war: the dilemmas of repatriations and belonging on the borders of Uganda and South Sudan', New Issues in Refugee Research No. 196, UNHCR.
Humanitarian Policy Group (2009) 'Losing ground: Protection and livelihoods in the Occupied Palestinian Territory'.
Human Rights Watch (2005) 'Coming home: Return and reintegration in Angola'.
Human Rights Watch (2002) 'The War is Over: The Crisis of Angola's Internally Displaced Continues'.
Human Rights Watch (2000) 'UNHCR at 50: what future for refugee protection?'
Human Rights Watch (1997) 'Burma/Thailand: No Safety in Burma, No Sanctuary in Thailand', Human Rights Watch (Asia), Vol. 9, No. 6.
Human Rights Watch (1994) 'Out of Sight, Out of Mind: Thai Policy toward Burmese Refugees', Vol. 16, No. 2.
Hyndman, J. and Giles, W. (2011) 'Waiting for what? The feminization of asylum in protracted situations', Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography, Vol. 18 (3).
Hyndman, J. (2008) 'Waiting for What? The Humanitarian Dilemma of Protracted Refugee Situations at Home and Abroad', Metropolis World Bulletin, Vol 8 on Migration and International Protection.
Hynes, P. (2003) 'FMO Research Guide: Burma'.
Integration-net (Citizenship and Immigration Canada).
International Crisis Group (1999) 'Burudian Refugees in Tanzania: The Key Factor to the Burundi Peace Process' Central Africa Report No. 12.
IRIN (2011) 'Nepal: Bhutanese refugee numbers nearly halved '
Institute for Palestinian Studies, The Institute for Palestine Studies Library.
International Campaign for Tibet.
International Refugee Rights Initiative (2011), 'Shadows of Return: The Dilemmas of Congolese Refugees in Rwanda', Citizenship and Displacement in the Great Lakes Region Working Paper No. 6.
International Refugee Rights Initiative (2010) 'A Dangerous Impasse: Rwandan Refugees in Uganda', Citizenship and Displacement in the Great Lakes Region Working Paper No. 4.
International Refugee Rights Initiative (2010), 'Who Belongs Where? Conflict, Displacement, Land and Identity in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo', Citizenship and Displacement in the Great Lakes Region Working Paper No. 3.
International Refugee Rights Initiative, Rema Ministries, Social Science Research Council (2009) 'Two people can't share the same pair of shoes: citizenship, land and return of refugees to Burundi'.
Duffield, M., Diagne, K. and Tennant, V. (2008) 'Evaluation of UNHCR's Returnee Reintegration Programme in Southern Sudan', Evaluation report, UNHCR.
Jacobson, K. (2001) 'The forgotten solution: local integration for refugees in developing countries', New Issues in Refugee Research No. 45, UNHCR.
Jamal, A. (2003) 'Camps and freedoms: long-term refugee situations in Africa', Forced Migration Review No. 16.
Jamal, A. 'Lessons learnt from UNHCR's involvement in the Guatemalan Refugee Repatriation and Reintegration Programme (1987-1999)' UNHCR EPAU Evaluation, 2000.
Jamal, A. (2000) 'Minimum standards and essential needs in a protracted refugee situation: a review of the UNHCR programme in Kakuma, Kenya' Evaluation Report, Evaluation and Policy Analysis Unit, UNHCR.
Jambor, P. (1992) 'Indochinese Refugee in Southeast Asia: Mass Exodus and the Politics of Aid', Bangkok: Ford Foundation.
Joffe, G. (1986) 'The International Court of Justice and the Western Sahara dispute'.
Jones, B.D. (2004) ‘The changing role of the UN in protracted crises’, Humanitarian Policy Group Briefing 17, Overseas Development Institute.
Kagan, M. (2011) '"We live in a country of UNHCR" The UN surrogate state and refugee policy in the Middle East', New Issues in Refugee Research No. 201, UNHCR.
Kaiser, T. (2001) 'A Beneficiary-Based Evaluation of UNHCR's Programme in Guinea, West Africa'.
Kamara, M. (2009) 'Daring to Dream of an End to Exile in Sub-Saharan Africa', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Kiehne, F. C. (1989). 'On repatriation of Vietnamese boat people', Paper presented at Queen Elizabeth House, Refugee Studies Centre, Oxford University.
Kirberger, E. (1995) 'Bhutanese refugees: an unresolved crisis', Columbia University Center for the Study of Human Rights.
Kirchhof, A. (2009) 'Burundi: seven years of refugee return', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Kuhlman, T. (2002) 'Responding to protracted refugee situations, A case study of Liberian refugees in Côte d’Ivoire', Evaluation Report, UNHCR.
Kursany, I. (1985) 'Eritrean refugees in Kassala province of eastern Sudan: an economic assessment', Refugee Studies Programme.
Kweka, O., Masabo, J., Hovil, L., Bueno, O., Clancy, D. and Kamanga, K. (2009), '"I don't know where to go": Burundian Refugees in Tanzania under Pressure to Leave', International Refugee Rights Initiative.
Knowles, M. (1989) 'The International Conference on Indochinese Refugees and its aftermath.' Refugee Policy Group.
Knowles, M. and Martin, S. F. (1989) 'The second International Conference on Indochinese Refugees: a new humanitarian consensus?' Refugee Policy Group.
Langan, J.C. (2007) ‘Voices on education in protracted refugee situations: Reflections and Recommendations of Sudanese Refugees’, Stanford University.
Lautze, S. and Strategic Humanitarian Coordination in the Great Lakes Region (1998) '1996-1997: An Independent Standard for the Inter-Agency Standing Committee'.
Lewa, C. (2010) 'Unregistered Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh', The Arakan Project.
Lewa, C. (2008) 'Asia's New Boat People', Forced Migration Review No. 30.
Lewis, T. (2009) 'Sudanese Refugee Youth 'Gangs' in Cairo', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Lim, L. (1998) 'The analysis of factors generating international migration: the processes generating the migration of women'.
Lindley, A. and Haslie, A. (2011) 'Unlocking protracted displacement: Somali case study', RSC Working Paper Series No. 79.
Lindley, A. (2009) 'Crisis and Displacement in Somalia', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Lindley, A. (2009) 'Leaving Mogadishu: The War on Terror and Displacement Dynamics in the Somali Regions', MICROCON Research Working Paper 15.
Lindley, A. (2007) 'Protracted displacement and remittances: the view from Eastleigh Nairobi', New Issues in Refugee Research Series No. 143, UNHCR.
Livelihoods connect: information resources (DFID, IDS).
'Livelihoods, Vulnerability, and Resilience' (Feinstein International Famine Center).
Loescher, G. (2006) 'Protracted refugee situations: the search for practical solutions', The State of the World's Refugees, UNHCR.
Loescher, G. and Milner, J. (2004) 'Protracted refugee situations and regional and host state security.
Loescher, G. and Milner, J. (2009) ‘Understanding the challenge’, Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Long, K. (2011) 'Permanent Crises? Unlocking the protracted displacement of refugees and internally displaced persons', Policy Overview, Refugee Studies Centre, University of Oxford.
Long, K. (2010) 'Home Alone? A review of the relationship between repatriation, mobility and durable solutions for refugees', Evaluation Report, UNHCR.
Long, K. (2009) 'Extending protection? Labour migration and durable solutions for refugees', New Series in Refugee Research No. 176, UNHCR.
Loughna, S. (2002) 'FMO Research Guide: Colombia'.
Lowicki, J. (2002) 'Fending for themselves: Afghan refugee children and adolescents working in urban Pakistan', Women's Refugee Commission.
Lung'aho, M. S., Clause, B. and Butera, F. (1996) 'Rapid assessment of infant feeding practices in two Rwandan refugee camps', Wellstart International.
Mace, C. (1985) 'The conflict in the Western Sahara: history, developments and future'.
MacFarlane, S. N. and Minear, L. (1997) 'Humanitarian action and politics: the conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh', Humanitarianism & War Project.
McDougal, T. (2006) 'Development during Crisis: Promoting Asset-Building in Protracted Refugee Situations', MIT International Review.
Marfleet, P. and Chatty, D. (2009) 'Iraq's refugees - "beyond tolerance"', RSC Forced Migration Policy Briefing 4.
Masalha, N. (1996) 'Israel and the Palestinian Refugees: An Historical Overview, August 1948-1966'.
Masriyeh Hazboun, N. (1999) 'From Displacement to Dispersion: UNRWA, Israeli Resettlement Policy and Palestinian Refugees in Gaza Strip, 1967-1994'.
Medicins Sans Frontières-Holland (2002) '10 Years for the Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh: Past, Present and Future'.
Menocal, A. (2009) 'State-building for Peace: Navigating an Arena of Contradictions', ODI.
Meyer, S. (2008) 'Local Integration', FMO Research Guide.
Middle East Institute and Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (2011) ‘Resettlement as a Durable Solution and Strategic Tool in Protracted Displacement Situations: Transatlantic Views and Visions’, Refugee Cooperation Project.
Mijere, N. (1990) 'The long term impact and consequences of two refugee settlement options: the case of Angolan refugees in Zambia'. Paper presented at the International Refugee Conference, 30 July - 4 August 1990, Arusha.
Mills, E.J., Singh, S., Holtz, T., Chase, R.M., Dolma, S., Santa-Barbara, J. and Orbinski, J. J. (2005), 'Prevalence of mental disorders and torture among Tibetan refugees: a systematic review', Bio Med Central.
Morris, T. (2010) 'Urban Somali Refugees in Yemen', Forced Migration Review No. 34.
Morrison, J. (2002) 'Human smuggling and trafficking', FMO research guide.
MINURSO: United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara.
Mooney, E. (2009) 'When ‘Temporary’ Lasts Too Long', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Mooney, E. and Hussain, N. (2009) 'Unfinished Business: IDPs in Bosnia and Herzegovina,' Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Moorhead, C. (2002), 'Response to a letter from Vincent Cochetel re her article "Lost in Cairo"', New York Review of Books, Volume 49, Number 17.
Muggah, R. (2002), 'Small Arms and Forced Migration' FMO Research Guide.
Mupedziswa, R. (1989) 'Elderly camp refugees and social development: traditional status – a salient dimension compromised?' Paper presented at Help Age workshop on 'Change and development through workshops', 11-12 Sept. 1989, Harare.
Murillo-Castano, G. (1994) 'Internal displacement in Central and South America', Paper for 4th IRAP conference, 5 - 9 Jan. 1994, Oxford.
Murison, J. (2003) 'FMO Research Guide: Rwanda'.
Nersesian, P. (1998), 'Process evaluation of the Tibetan refugees reproductive health project', Tibetan Refugees Reproductive Health Project.
Noor, H. (2009) 'Addressing Core Problems', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Norbu, D. (1994), 'Tibetan refugees in South Asia: implications for security', Paper for Seminar on Refugees and Internal Security in South Asia, 10 - 11 July 1994, Colombo.
Nordic Consulting Group (2010) 'Evaluation of the protracted refugee situation for Burundians in Tanzania', Ministry of Foreign Affairs/Danida.
OECD (March 2009) 'Ensuring Fragile States are not Left Behind'.
Oloka-Onyango, J. (1995) 'The plight of the larger half: human rights, gender violence and the legal status of refugee and internally displaced women in Africa', Regional Conference on the Legal Status of Refugee and Internally Displaced Women in Africa, 1-4 August 1995, Addis Ababa.
Paddon, E. and Lacaille, G. (2011) 'Stabilising the Congo', Forced Migration Policy Briefing 8, Refugee Studies Centre.
Palestinians Register: Laying Foundations and Setting Directions [Resource Summary].
Pambazuka News, Issue 479 'Naturalisation of Burundian refugees in Tanzania: A new home?'
Pankhurst, A. (1982) 'Specific refugees in Eastern Sudan Paper for Refugee Seminar'.
Paul, D. (1992) 'A psychosocial support program for refugees and displaced persons in the former Yugoslavia'.
Perlman Robinson, J. and Alpar, S. (2009) 'Hope and Opportunities for Young People', Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Perullo, A. (2007), 'Migration and the cultural commodity of Congolese', Forced Migration Studies Programme.
Pittaway, E. (1991) 'Power through participation: a commonsense guide to working with refugee women'.
Poppelwell, T. (2002) 'FMO research guide: Afghanistan'.
Porto, J.G. Alden, C. Parsons, I. (2003) 'Sustaining the peace in Angola: an overview of current demobilisation, disarmament and reintegration', Bonn International Centre for Conversion, Institute for Security Studies.
Powles, J. (1993) 'Tales of fish ... A field report: Angolan refugees in Zambia September 1992 to July 1993'.
Pressé, D. and Thomson, J. (2008) 'The Resettlement Challenge: Integration of Refugees from Protracted Refugee Situations', Refuge, Vol. 25, No. 1.
Preston, R., Solomon, C., Kandando, D. and Makanya, S. (1992) 'The integration of returned exiles, former combatants and other war-affected Namibians'
Ravindran, I. P. (2009), 'Refugee Resources: Sri Lankan Tamils in India,' Forced Migration Review No. 33.
Rawlins, R.C. (1991) 'Special needs and community care' Paper for workshop convened by the Rowntree Foundation on Race and Housing in Britain 4-5 April 1991, York University.
Redmond, R. (1995) 'The Human Side of CIREFCA', Refugees Magazine, Issue 99 (Regional Solutions).
Refugee Studies Centre (2011) 'Palestinians in Libya' (Popcast, recorded at the 'North Africa in Transition: Mobility, Forced Migration & Humanitarian Crises' workshop, May 2011).
'Refugee & humanitarian program' (Australia, Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs)
Refugees International (2008) 'Rohingya: Burma's forgotten minority'.
Refugees International &Open Society Institute (2002) 'Pushing Past the Definitions: Migration from Burma to Thailand'.
'Refugee resettlement program' (U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement)
Refugee Studies Centre (1996) 'Bhutanese refugees: a briefing document'.
Refugee Studies Centre research project: 'Gender, Islam and asylum'
'Refugee Toolkit: Supporting refugee young carers and their families' (The Children's Society).
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Offline Documents

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Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, E. (2011) 'Paradoxes of Refugees' Educational Migration: Promoting self-sufficiency or renewing dependency?' Comparative Education, Vol. 47(3).
Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, E. (2011) 'Histories of Displacement: Intersections between ethnicity, gender and class' Journal of North African Studies, Vol.16(1), pp. 31-48.
Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, E. (2010) '"Ideal" Refugee Women and Gender Equality Mainstreaming in the Sahrawi Refugee Camps: "Good Practice" for Whom?' Refugee Survey Quarterly, Vol. 29(2), pp. 64-84.
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Fiddian-Qasmiyeh, E. (2010) '"Ideal" Refugee Women and Gender Equality Mainstreaming: "Good Practice" for Whom?' Refugee Survey Quarterly, Vol. 29(2): pp. 64-84.
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